The ketogenic (keto) diet, characterized by high fat and low carbohydrate intake, has gained popularity for its potential in promoting weight loss. However, a recent long-term study conducted on mice suggests that while the keto diet is effective in reducing body weight, it may also lead to elevated cholesterol levels and impaired glucose regulation.

The study, published in Science Advances, observed mice maintained on a keto diet for nearly a year. The findings indicated an increase in blood lipid (fat) levels, excessive fat accumulation in the liver (fatty liver disease), and a diminished ability to regulate blood glucose due to insufficient insulin secretion. Notably, these adverse effects were reversible after discontinuing the keto diet.

While the keto diet demonstrated efficacy in inducing weight loss in obese mice, it also posed risks to metabolic health. The study's lead author, Dr. Amandine Chaix from the University of Utah, emphasized the need for further research to assess the long-term cardiometabolic benefits and risks of prolonged keto diet adherence in humans.